Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician (ALAT) Practice Exam

What does the term NPO mean in a veterinary context?

1. No physical activity

2. Nothing by mouth

3. No processed food

4. Neutral postural observation

The correct answer is: Nothing by mouth

NPO stands for "Nothing by mouth," and in a veterinary context, this term is crucial, especially when preparing an animal for surgery or certain medical procedures. It indicates that the animal should not eat or drink anything for a specific period leading up to the procedure. This is important because having food or water in the stomach can pose risks during anesthesia, as it may lead to aspiration if the animal vomits or regurgitates. In contrast, the other terms do not accurately reflect the meaning of NPO. The term for restricting physical activity would not relate to food or fluids, nor does it imply dietary restrictions such as processed foods. Neutral postural observation refers to a different concept entirely, focused on assessing animal behavior and posture without any interference, which does not relate to feeding instructions. Thus, "Nothing by mouth" is the correct interpretation of NPO in a veterinary setting.